Cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) represents the complex interaction between cardiac and renal dysfunction, where impairment in one organ can precipitate or worsen disease in the other. This interplay has profound effects on vascular health, including endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and accelerated atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease or heart failure.
Management of CRS requires a multidisciplinary approach, addressing heart failure, kidney function, and vascular complications simultaneously. Strategies include optimized pharmacotherapy, hemodynamic monitoring, lifestyle interventions, and timely renal or cardiac support, aiming to preserve organ function and prevent vascular damage. Understanding the cardiorenal-vascular axis is essential for improving outcomes and reducing morbidity in this high-risk population.