Heart failure and vascular dysfunction are closely interconnected, forming a bidirectional relationship where impaired cardiac output affects vascular tone, and vascular abnormalities contribute to disease progression. Endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and microvascular remodeling are common in heart failure, exacerbating hemodynamic compromise and tissue perfusion deficits. Understanding this interaction is critical for optimizing management strategies.
Therapeutic approaches targeting both heart and vascular function, such as pharmacological agents, device therapy, and lifestyle interventions, improve outcomes by restoring vascular compliance, enhancing perfusion, and reducing cardiac workload. Recognizing the interplay between the heart and vasculature supports precision medicine approaches, allowing individualized treatment plans to prevent progression and improve quality of life in heart failure patients.